c.
Selecting ICT Resources
The
teacher in the case study is completely at home with the skills
behind most of the options we have looked at above, though he
does not know of any really focused dedicated CD-ROM material
for the area of work. He has used video, he already has some word
processed materials, he has seen some good History sites on the
World Wide Web, and he knows how to use a CD-ROM. Although he
has some experience of using Access and Excel to run simple databases
and spreadsheets for his own administrative purposes, he has never
taught history by using these packages.
You
may not be in the same position as he, so we shall look at the
options in the context of your experience. Think about the following
as they apply to you:
Use
discussion and chalk-and-talk on the area only, and not use any
ICT (or other technology) at all.
I have a bit of a problem with this (I would say that, wouldn't
I?) in as much as my own experience of working with discussion
alone is that it can be hugely enjoyable, but that learners often
have little general and even current affairs knowledge on which
to build Historical skills. Especially in terms of the objectives
set for this case study, there is such a wealth of material available
from the World Wide Web and CD-ROM that I really would want to
get the most out of the curriculum, the technology and the pupils
by combining some of the options.
Use
a word processor package to create worksheets for the topics,
perhaps placing some images into the worksheets to promote understanding.
Here the question is one of how much the pupils will develop their
skills if the teacher spends his time on creating stimulus material
using a word-processor, and how much they would have done so anyway.
My own view is that the use of well organised stimulus material
will help learners focus on the topic in hand, as well as giving
them examples of how information can be found and managed. It
also seems likely that the time spent on creating high quality
resources of the sort the teacher wants is likely to be returned
in the adaptability and re-usability of the resources.
Use
video material of the sort available from broadcast and educational
publishing organisations.
This isn't strictly an ICT option, but it would be if it were
done in conjunction with the word-processed worksheets or some
work on the World Wide Web looking at other views on the topics.
The best thing about it is that looking at video material provides
a range of stimuli to the learner, and alternative explanations
and interpretations of the History.
Use
a CD-ROM to have students gather information on the topics to
form the basis of discussion.
Almost any CD-ROM encyclopędia will give you background information
on industrialisation and demography, though getting focused data
from a CD-ROM is always difficult. You probably know about Encarta
and Britannica, and other products such as Hutchinson and Compton
provide inexpensive if inconsistent sources of data. The point
here is that for this case study you would be looking for clear
data on population movement in a specific area. The biggest problem
that arises with mass market CD-ROM resources is their US orientation
- good European, British and especially Welsh focus is very difficult
to find.
Use
the World Wide Web to gather information - particularly statistical
information about demographic change.
The following web addresses provide interesting background resources:
Data handling
in general
http://bized.bris.ac.uk:8080/dataserve/ons/dataset/ons-myey.htm
www.kmike.com/country/ukdemog.htm
Specific
to History
www.data-wales.co.uk/emigr.htm
http://brittania.com/wales/whist13.html
www.cs.cf.ak.uk/places.wales.html
http://britannia.com.celtic/wales/timeline
In
this case study, you are also concerned with finding the sources
themselves, and the following search engines can provide a useful
starting point:
Have
pupils present their findings using a database or spreadsheet
such as Access or Excel, regardless of how data was found.
However pupils have gathered information, they can store statistical
information in a database or spreadsheet programme for later presentation
or for integration with a word processed document. Where pupils
are able to get access to a great deal of information, and where
this can be copied from the web in particular, using the ICT to
automate certain data-analysis or numerical procedures can be
very useful.
Now
that you've looked at my ideas about the options, you need to
make your own choices. The teacher in the case study has decided
to use all options, and to combine two or more in particular sessions
over a three-week period out of a total of six weeks working on
the topic. You need to plan to do something of this sort. On the
next page, make a copy and fill out the summary to help you focus
on what you will do. I've put in some suggestions - use these
as you like. Think of some uses of your own, and make a short
note on what you will have to do to make it work, what you expect
the benefit to be to your pupils, and what difficulties you expect
to encounter when you do it in the classroom.
Resources
Selected for Work on Wales and Industrial Britain
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